Explain the atomic radius of elements of the boron family.
(N/A) On moving down the group, for each successive member, one extra shell of electrons is added, and therefore, the atomic radius is expected to increase.
However, a deviation is observed. The atomic radius of $Ga$ $(135 \text{ pm})$ is less than that of $Al$ $(143 \text{ pm})$.
This can be explained by the variation in the inner core of the electronic configuration. The presence of additional $10$ $d$-electrons offers only poor screening (shielding) effect for the outer electrons from the increased nuclear charge in gallium.
Consequently, the effective nuclear charge increases, causing the atomic radius of gallium to be smaller than that of aluminium. However, regular periodicity is observed in the case of ionic radius.
However, a deviation is observed. The atomic radius of $Ga$ $(135 \text{ pm})$ is less than that of $Al$ $(143 \text{ pm})$.
This can be explained by the variation in the inner core of the electronic configuration. The presence of additional $10$ $d$-electrons offers only poor screening (shielding) effect for the outer electrons from the increased nuclear charge in gallium.
Consequently, the effective nuclear charge increases, causing the atomic radius of gallium to be smaller than that of aluminium. However, regular periodicity is observed in the case of ionic radius.
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The reason for boric acid being polymeric is .....
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Column $I$ Column $II$ $A$. $Bi^{3+} \longrightarrow (BiO)^{+}$ $P$. Heat $B$. $[AlO_2]^{-} \longrightarrow Al(OH)_3$ $Q$. Hydrolysis $C$. $SiO_4^{4-} \longrightarrow Si_2O_7^{6-}$ $R$. Acidification $D$. $(B_4O_7^{2-}) \longrightarrow [B(OH)_3]$ $S$. Dilution by water
| Column $I$ | Column $II$ |
| $A$. $Bi^{3+} \longrightarrow (BiO)^{+}$ | $P$. Heat |
| $B$. $[AlO_2]^{-} \longrightarrow Al(OH)_3$ | $Q$. Hydrolysis |
| $C$. $SiO_4^{4-} \longrightarrow Si_2O_7^{6-}$ | $R$. Acidification |
| $D$. $(B_4O_7^{2-}) \longrightarrow [B(OH)_3]$ | $S$. Dilution by water |
Diborane reacts with ammonia under different conditions to give a variety of products. Which one among the following is not formed in these reactions?
Identify the correct statements about the anomalous behaviour of Boron:
$I$. Boron trihalides can form dimeric structures.
$II$. Boron shows $+1$ as a stable oxidation state.
$III$. Maximum covalency of Boron is four.
$IV$. Boron does not form $BF_{6}^{3-}$ ion.
$I$. Boron trihalides can form dimeric structures.
$II$. Boron shows $+1$ as a stable oxidation state.
$III$. Maximum covalency of Boron is four.
$IV$. Boron does not form $BF_{6}^{3-}$ ion.
Consider the following halides: $(1) \; BCl_3$,$(2) \; AlCl_3$,$(3) \; GaCl_3$,$(4) \; InCl_3$. What is the decreasing order of their Lewis acid strength?
Medium
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